P, LT and no letter at all
Some sizes start with a letter. P (P225/65R17) is a passenger tire; no letter is also a passenger tire, just labelled the European way. LT (LT265/70R17) is a light-truck tire with stiffer construction for heavy loads and towing. LT tires show their load rating differently, as two numbers plus a load range, for example LT265/70R17 121/118S Load Range E.
Turning it into inches
Height = wheel size + two sidewalls. For 225/65R17 that's 17 + 5.8 + 5.8 = 28.5 inches. It's also why a 285/70R17 gets called a "33-inch tire": it works out to 32.7 inches.
Off-road sizes in inches
Some truck tires skip the metric format: 33x12.50R15 is 33 inches tall, 12.5 inches wide, for a 15-inch wheel.